The Neural Circuitry of Executive Functions in Healthy Subjects and Parkinson's Disease
Identifieur interne : 001D65 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 001D64; suivant : 001D66The Neural Circuitry of Executive Functions in Healthy Subjects and Parkinson's Disease
Auteurs : Sandra E. Leh [Canada] ; Michael Petrides [Canada] ; Antonio P. Strafella [Canada]Source :
- Neuropsychopharmacology [ 0893-133X ] ; 2009.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Animals, Brain (anatomy & histology), Brain (pathology), Brain (physiology), Brain (physiopathology), Executive Function (physiology), Humans, Neural Pathways (anatomy & histology), Neural Pathways (pathology), Neural Pathways (physiology), Neural Pathways (physiopathology), Parkinson Disease (pathology), Parkinson Disease (physiopathology).
- MESH :
- anatomy & histology : Brain, Neural Pathways.
- pathology : Brain, Neural Pathways, Parkinson Disease.
- physiology : Brain, Executive Function, Neural Pathways.
- physiopathology : Brain, Neural Pathways, Parkinson Disease.
- Animals, Humans.
Abstract
In our constantly changing environment, we are frequently faced with altered circumstances requiring generation and monitoring of appropriate strategies, when novel plans of action must be formulated and conducted. The abilities that we call upon to respond accurately to novel situations are referred to as ‘executive functions', and are frequently engaged to deal with conditions in which routine activation of behavior would not be sufficient for optimal performance. Here, we summarize important findings that may help us understand executive functions and their underlying neuronal correlates. We focus particularly on observations from imaging technology, such as functional magnetic resonance imaging, position emission tomography, diffusion tensor imaging, and transcranial magnetic stimulation, which in the past few years have provided the bulk of information on the neurobiological underpinnings of the executive functions. Further, emphasis will be placed on recent insights from Parkinson's disease (PD), in which the underlying dopaminergic abnormalities have provided new exciting information into basic molecular mechanisms of executive dysfunction, and which may help to disentangle the cortical/subcortical networks involved in executive processes.
Url:
DOI: 10.1038/npp.2009.88
PubMed: 19657332
PubMed Central: 3055448
Affiliations:
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Le document en format XML
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Leh</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><institution>Division of Brain Imaging and Behaviour—Systems Neuroscience, Toronto Western Research Institute (TWRI), UHN, University of Toronto</institution>, Toronto, ON,<country>Canada</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Petrides, Michael" sort="Petrides, Michael" uniqKey="Petrides M" first="Michael" last="Petrides">Michael Petrides</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><institution>Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University</institution>, Montreal,<country>Canada</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Strafella, Antonio P" sort="Strafella, Antonio P" uniqKey="Strafella A" first="Antonio P" last="Strafella">Antonio P. Strafella</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><institution>Division of Brain Imaging and Behaviour—Systems Neuroscience, Toronto Western Research Institute (TWRI), UHN, University of Toronto</institution>, Toronto, ON,<country>Canada</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><institution>Division of Neurology, Toronto Western Hospital, UHN, University of Toronto</institution>, Toronto, ON,<country>Canada</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff4"><institution>PET Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), University of Toronto</institution>, Toronto, ON,<country>Canada</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Neuropsychopharmacology</title><idno type="ISSN">0893-133X</idno><idno type="eISSN">1740-634X</idno><imprint><date when="2009">2009</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Animals</term><term>Brain (anatomy & histology)</term><term>Brain (pathology)</term><term>Brain (physiology)</term><term>Brain (physiopathology)</term><term>Executive Function (physiology)</term><term>Humans</term><term>Neural Pathways (anatomy & histology)</term><term>Neural Pathways (pathology)</term><term>Neural Pathways (physiology)</term><term>Neural Pathways (physiopathology)</term><term>Parkinson Disease (pathology)</term><term>Parkinson Disease (physiopathology)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="anatomy & histology" xml:lang="en"><term>Brain</term><term>Neural Pathways</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="pathology" xml:lang="en"><term>Brain</term><term>Neural Pathways</term><term>Parkinson Disease</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Brain</term><term>Executive Function</term><term>Neural Pathways</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiopathology" xml:lang="en"><term>Brain</term><term>Neural Pathways</term><term>Parkinson Disease</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Animals</term><term>Humans</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>In our constantly changing environment, we are frequently faced with altered circumstances requiring generation and monitoring of appropriate strategies, when novel plans of action must be formulated and conducted. 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Further, emphasis will be placed on recent insights from Parkinson's disease (PD), in which the underlying dopaminergic abnormalities have provided new exciting information into basic molecular mechanisms of executive dysfunction, and which may help to disentangle the cortical/subcortical networks involved in executive processes.</p></div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Canada</li></country></list><tree><country name="Canada"><noRegion><name sortKey="Leh, Sandra E" sort="Leh, Sandra E" uniqKey="Leh S" first="Sandra E" last="Leh">Sandra E. Leh</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Petrides, Michael" sort="Petrides, Michael" uniqKey="Petrides M" first="Michael" last="Petrides">Michael Petrides</name><name sortKey="Strafella, Antonio P" sort="Strafella, Antonio P" uniqKey="Strafella A" first="Antonio P" last="Strafella">Antonio P. Strafella</name><name sortKey="Strafella, Antonio P" sort="Strafella, Antonio P" uniqKey="Strafella A" first="Antonio P" last="Strafella">Antonio P. Strafella</name><name sortKey="Strafella, Antonio P" sort="Strafella, Antonio P" uniqKey="Strafella A" first="Antonio P" last="Strafella">Antonio P. Strafella</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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